ELBOW EXAMINATION PROFORMA

Inspection:

• Attitude
• Alignment of the elbow & forearm
• Swellings around the elbow-besides the triceps tendon on either sides,Over Olecranon process,In front /antecubital fossa
• Scars , sinuses
• Muscular wasting

Palpation:

• Temperature
• Tenderness-Humero-radial joint line
• Confirmation of inspection findings.
• Swelling &cross fluctuation test
• Palpation of bones--- L/3 Humerus, U/E & head of Radius , U/E ulna & Olecranon,
• 3 point bony relationship

Range of movements:

• Flexion
• Extension
• Supination
• Pronation
• Deformity
• Block- Springy (elastic) / bony
• any change of arc

Instability

• Varus-valgus stress test in 15 elbow flexion & shoulder maximally IR/ER respectively.
• Pivot shift test—posterolateral rotatory instability - Reider 97

Measurements:

• 3 bony relationships
• Arm length & girth
• Forearm length & girth
• carrying angle

lymph nodes:axillary, supratrochlear/epitrochlear

other joints in the same extremity.-ROM of Wrist ,Hand,Shoulder.

DNVD

Special tests

• Yamamoto test
• Cozen’s test
• Mill’s manoeuvre
• finger hyperextension